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Number the statements in the following arguments. Then diagram the arguments. (10 points each.) 1. Some people think that intelligent life must be fairly common in the universe. But a technologically advanced civilization would produce radio signals that would be detectable from earth. The SETI project has been searching for such signals for several years and has found none. Intelligent life must after all be rare. |
| 2. The earth must have been struck by a large asteroid 65 million years ago. A layer of clay formed 65 million years ago contains an abnormally high amount of iridium. The most likely sources of iridium are volcanoes and extraterrestrial rocks. There is no evidence of extensive volcanic activity 65 million years ago. Dinosaur fossils are found just below the iridium layer, but none are found above it. The extinction of the dinosaurs was probably caused by an asteroid hitting the earth. |
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| 3. We should vote for Hanratty. Hand guns are a threat to civil order. We should control anything that is a threat to civil order. So we should control hand guns. Liberals support gun control. Hanratty is a liberal. So Hanratty supports gun control. |
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| 4. Construct an argument for or against the following claim: Having a college education enhances the quality of life. Including the conclusion, your argument should involve at least four different statements. Your argument should not violate the rule of grouping or the rule of direction. Identify and number the statements in your argument, then diagram your argument. (22 points.) |
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| Symbolize
the following arguments showing all the logical connectives used. Circle
the letter in each atomic sentence that you will use in your symbolization.
(12 point each.)
5. Democracy will be established in Iraq if and only if either the insurgents stop their attacks or U.S. forces remain in place to help provide security. So since the insurgents are not going to stop their attacks, there will be no democracy in Iraq unless U.S. forces remain there for security. |
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| 6. If John doesn't make an A in both history and chemistry, he won't be on the Dean's list. If John makes an A in history, he won't make an A in chemistry. So John won't be on the Dean's list. |
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| 7. Being a student at the University is a sufficient condition for getting an educational discount on a Dell computer. If you order a Dell computer before the end of the year and you get an educational discount, then you will also get free shipping. So if you order a Dell computer before the end of the year and you don't get free shipping, then you are not a student at the University. |
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| 8. If the University lays off faculty next year, class sizes will increase. If enrollment at the University increases, then the University will raise tuition. Either the University will lay off faculty next year or it will raise tuition. So either class sizes or enrollment will increase. |
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